Posted on Fri, Jul. 14, 2006
Regime readies path for Raúl Castro's rise
Fidel Castro's younger brother Raúl is taking on a more public persona
in what experts say is a clear effort aimed at ensuring a smooth
transition in leadership.
BY FRANCES ROBLES
frobles@MiamiHerald.com
A recent string of Cuban media reports highlighting Defense Minister
Raúl Castro has U.S. analysts saying that Havana is preparing the way
for life after Fidel and suggesting that his younger brother already has
begun taking on more governance responsibilities.
Raúl, long designated as successor to his 79-year old brother, was the
subject of a fawning 6,300-word profile on his 75th birthday, and the
government media has reported on his visits to military bases and
comments on the island's politics.
While a database search showed the number of media mentions of Raúl has
remained constant, one expert Cuba-watcher said the scope and depth of
the coverage has changed dramatically -- from close-cropped photos of
him at official functions, for example, to wide-angle ''almost heroic''
shots of him reviewing troops in the field.
When the Granma newspaper announced a high-level shake-up of the
Communist Party last week, Raúl's quotes were prominently featured. And
a speech he gave last month is still posted on Granma's website
(www.granma.cu), in what Cuba-watchers view as another sign of Raúl's
sudden importance.
Some Cuba experts say Raúl may be offering himself as the face of the
future -- perhaps to detract contenders keen on taking that spot when
Fidel is no longer in power.
''They are preparing the process. Fidel is in control and directing this
process of change. As Fidel slowly becomes more debilitated, you'll see
Raúl and [National Assembly President Ricardo] Alarcón becoming more
visible,'' said Tony Rivera, editor of the online Cuba news site, La
Nueva Cuba.
At a recent military celebration, Raúl addressed the issue of
succession. His job as first vice president of the ruling Council of
State makes him first in line to succeed Fidel under the constitution,
and Raúl also is No. 2 to Fidel as second secretary of the Cuban
Communist Party.
''Only the Communist Party -- as the institution that brings together
the revolutionary vanguard and will always guarantee the unity of Cubans
-- can be the worthy heir of the trust deposited by the people in their
leader,'' he said earlier this month at a ceremony observing the 45th
anniversary of the Western Army. ``Anything more is pure speculation.''
But the Castro brothers themselves have suggested that a newer and
younger generation of leaders need to be tapped. In an interview
published recently by French writer Ignacio Ramonet, Fidel quipped that
at 75, his brother isn't getting younger.
Cuba watchers say that comment did not go unnoticed, and that it's no
coincidence that it was followed by a swell of positive media coverage.
''The propaganda media of today's capitalist world has tried for many
years to paint a picture of Raúl as an extremist, sullen and gruff in
his human relations, lacking in sense of humor and devoid of
sensitivity. The enemy does it like that because it knows very well what
Raúl represents for the Revolution, for our people and for the future of
our nation,'' Granma wrote in the June 2 story marking his birthday the
next day. The story also described him as ``tireless, systematic,
intelligent and decisive.''
That softer persona reflected in the story, titled Proximity of Raúl, is
meant to ease fears of the Cuban people and convince the international
community, experts said.
''Raúl has never been a person people really like. He's not so popular.
Now they need to protect their leader,'' said Rivera, editor of the
online Cuba news site.
JAILED AND EXILED
Five years younger than his brother Fidel, Raúl was also educated at
Jesuit schools in Havana and helped plan and execute the failed attack
on Moncada military barracks on July 26, 1953. Along with Fidel, he was
jailed and exiled to Mexico but returned in 1956 to incite the
revolution that ultimately toppled dictator Fulgencio Batista.
He assumed command of military operations in Oriente province in the
east, and one of his first acts was the summary execution of 100 Batista
soldiers. Raúl spent the next 47 years as minister of defense and head
of the army, where he developed a reputation as a pragmatic, solid
leader who lacks the charisma and fiery oratory of Fidel.
He has been described as a brusque heavy drinker, but one more open to
economic reform and negotiations with the United States.
In 1993, The Miami Herald reported that federal prosecutors in Miami
were preparing to charge Raúl and 14 other top Cubans with smuggling
Colombian cocaine through Cuba to the United States, but the indictment
was never brought before a grand jury.
As head of the military, Raúl today oversees a military force of up to
55,000 people, significantly smaller than 15 years ago, when Cuba
enjoyed hefty Soviet subsidies. But while his forces may have shrunk,
his position as head of the military took on increasing importance in
the 1990s, as the armed forces started taking over profitable chunks of
the Cuban economy.
Top positions running the island's tourism industry, ports,
transportation and other key sectors are now held by generals.
''There is no other force in Cuba right now that is so organized or
powerful,'' Oscar Espinosa Chepe, a dissident economist and journalist
in Cuba, said in a telephone interview. ``Raúl is an important figure.
He doesn't have the charisma with the people, but within the army he
does have a lot of prestige. I'm a dissident, but I'm not a fool or
unobjective: Raúl is esteemed.''
Brian Latell, a former top CIA analyst and Raúl biographer who now works
at the University of Miami's Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American
Studies, said the media blitz shows a ''probable acceleration of
succession planning.'' The reporting is, more importantly, trying to
distinguish him from Fidel.
'Proximity of Raúl could be saying, `Get ready, the change could be
coming,' '' said Latell, author of the book After Fidel. ``His role in
decision-making has been expanding. When you start seeing Raúl playing a
prominent role in foreign policy -- Fidel's bailiwick -- that will be an
unmistakable signal that Raúl is playing a very central role.''
LAGE'S ROLE GROWS
As an aging Fidel -- who is believed by the CIA to suffer from
Parkinson's disease, a progressive condition that causes stiffness,
shaking and problems with balance -- takes fewer trips abroad, Vice
President Carlos Lage has been taking on the role as intercontinental
emissary. This suggests the government is also grooming him for a future
position of power, Frank Mora, a Cuba expert at the National War College
in Washington, said in a phone interview.
''What has been happening in the last month is that forces are
coalescing to let it be known the party is doing its job and is ready to
assume responsibilities when the time comes,'' Mora said. 'I'm intrigued
by this bolstering of Raúl's image, letting people know: `We are in good
hands. We have nothing to fear when Fidel goes.' ''
http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/news/world/cuba/15034556.htm
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